Bed sores develop in specific stages as outlined by the
National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel.
Stage I
While unbroken, the top layers of skin show damage. The skin may appear red but when touched does not turn white. The skin remains red after the pressure is relieved. Darker skinned individuals may show skin discoloration. Other signs may include pain in the area, firmness of the skin, being warm to the touch or other changes in skin texture. A pressure sore may appear as a shallow open ulcer with a red pink wound bed or as an intact or open/ruptured blister.
Stage II
The damaged skin area may appear as a superficial abrasion, blister or shallow crater with a red pink wound bed.
Stage III
Damage appears on the skin, in subsequent tissue and muscle. The decubitus ulcer now appears to be a deep crater. Bone, tendon or muscles are not exposed.
Stage IV
Tissue loss is evident with exposed bone, tendon or muscle. Extensive damage to soft tissue, muscle, bone or tendons is evident.
Research indicates that 95% of all pressure sores are preventable, yet the estimated costs of treating all pressure ulcers throughout the US range up to $11 billion annually. Bedsores can be prevented by using support surfaces, frequent repositioning of the patient, massage, optimizing the nutritional status of the patient, keeping the skin clean, moisturizing dry skin, and providing opportunities for movement and exercise. It is also important that nursing home facilities ensure they have sufficient staffing levels and that staff is well trained in pressure sore prevention.
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Nursing Home Abuse attorney
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